Wednesday, August 20, 2014

Text Book Notes

Pages 4-14 Introduction
Explanation of conquers of Britain being early tribes, Romans, Anglo-Saxons, Danes, Vikings, and Normans.
Alfred the Great repelled the Vikings and tried to unify England. The first king to fully rule the country was William the Conquer.
"Great Charter" or Magna Carta was the first stage toward limited government or Constitutional Monarchy.
By 1400 there were feuds between the Lancasters, Yorks, and Tudors which led to the War of Roses explained dramatically in Shakespeare's Richard III.
Plague and uprising put an end to the system of feudalism and a more marketed oriented economy began to grow.
From literature the first well known legend in English was Beowulf.
Things from the Middle Ages often depicted romantic knights as heros fighting for chivarly and Christodom.
Other famous tales originating in Britain include the Knights of the Round Table and Robin Hood.
Lastly a map of languages entering England being Gaelic from Ireland, French from Normandy, Danish from Denmark, German from the Holy Roman Empire, and Latin from Rome.

Notes on Beowulf

Story begins with a beast called Grendal ravaging the Hall of Hrothgar. The Danes call upon the heroic prince Beowulf to cross the sea to aid them. The author gives some details on how the beast is a hell spawn that thrives off sin and injustice. Grendal had recently murdered Healfdane the next in line for the Danish throne. The watchman that spots and confronts the Geats is cautious but allows then entry. Beowulf and the Geats agree to vanquish the monster for the king. In the odd yet epic battle Beowulf does not draw his sword. While the demon is ready to murder him in his sleep he grabs it with his death grip breaking him down eventually. After this legendary feat more must still be done as the Grendal has a mother still on the hunt. Beowulf was able to defeat the first creature which was impervious to standard weaponry with his hands so the next should be similar. A spooky description of the lair of the mother is given before our hero enters. Basic melee was to no avail against this more powerful foe but fate was on the heros side. He was able to obtain a sword too heavy for most men and bisect the fiend. This effectively killed her but its boiling blood melted most of the sword but the hilt. After this the crew finally returns home to live for fifty years under the Prince later Kings rule. By the time he is an elderly man he must face off against a dragon menacing his territory. In this conflict all but a single man leave his side as he faces the fire breathing lizard. His blade even shatters during the fight leaving him in an even mire hopeless situation. The last man standing by his side, Wiglaf son of Wexstan assist him in slaying the dragon. This battle does leave the Great King mortally wounded so he is brought back for his final moments. The two call out all the men who deserted them as cowards and as he dies Beowulf gives the spoils to the brave soul who did not abandon him.




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